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- <text id=93HT1294>
- <link 93XP0444>
- <link 93XP0210>
- <title>
- Kennedy: Peace Corps:The Newest Frontier
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--Kennedy Portrait
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- March 10, 1961
- The Newest Frontier
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Telephones jangled, the switchboard blinked, and drifts of
- incoming mail accumulated on the desks. Workmen pushed office
- furniture around the corridors. The scene, in a suite of offices
- in Washington's International Cooperation Administration Building,
- was chaotic. Earlier in the week, President Kennedy had announced
- the formation of his Peace Corps of volunteer workers in
- underdeveloped countries, and the half-organized headquarters was
- engulfed with requests for information, applications from would-be
- recruits. In other parts of the capital, the story was the same:
- Congressmen reported a deluge of mail; the White House was hard
- pressed to answer 5,000 letters. The Peace Corps had captured the
- public imagination as had no other single act of the Kennedy
- Administration.
- </p>
- <p> Pilot Program. At his press conference, the President
- announced the establishment of a pilot program, by executive
- order, financed by unallocated foreign aid funds and directed by
- his brother-in-law, R. Sargent Shriver. Simultaneously he sent a
- special message to Congress, asking for legislation to organize
- the corps on a permanent basis under the supervision of the State
- Department. "This corps," he said, "will be a pool of trained men
- and women sent overseas by the U.S. Government or through private
- institutions and organizations to help foreign governments meet
- their urgent needs for skilled manpower." By the end of the year,
- the President hoped to have 500 to 1,000 trained corpsmen working
- abroad.
- </p>
- <p> Initially, the Peace Corps program will be restricted to
- sanitation and agricultural projects and the teaching of English
- as a secondary language. Ultimately, Shriver and Kennedy envisage
- a corps of several thousand skilled Americans working on such
- diverse projects as vocational guidance taught by Swahili-speaking
- American instructors in Tanganyika and the eradication of malaria
- led by bright young American doctors on the "fever coast" of
- Central America.
- </p>
- <p> Accent on Youth. It will be an elite corps, with no room for
- capricious adventurers, Kennedy emphasized. Recruits will be
- screened, and only the most skilled, emotionally cool and
- dedicated workers will be selected. Corpsmen will serve without
- salary, will live inconspicuously. Their only compensation will
- be the satisfaction of doing a humanitarian job in the cause of
- peace, and the enrichment of living in foreign lands and working
- on a professional level that would be unthinkable for most people
- until they were 40 or more.
- </p>
- <p> With more than 100,000 applications anticipated in the first
- six months, Shriver & Co. expect no difficulty in finding the
- talent they seek. Although there will be no age restrictions, the
- accent will be on youth, since young men and women between 21 and
- 30 have more time and fewer responsibilities than older
- applicants. Men eligible for military draft will be deferred until
- Peace Corps service is completed, but the Peace Corps will not be
- a substitute for the draft.
- </p>
- <p> Inevitably, the corps was called to service amid a chorus of
- skepticism ("Albert Schweitzer's Salvation Army," cracked one
- cynic). But the first wave of applicants were not bothered by the
- critics or the technicalities. They just wanted in--Forest
- Evashevski, recently retired football coach at the University of
- Iowa, was ticketed for a headquarters job; Olympic Decathlon
- Champion Rafer Johnson and Dr. Howard Rusk, chairman of New York
- University's Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,
- were among those volunteering to help where they could. Sally
- Bowles, 22, daughter of Under Secretary of State Chester Bowles,
- and Nancy Gore, 23, a daughter of Tennessee's Senator Albert Gore,
- pitched in to help at Sarg Shriver's bedlamic headquarters.
- Neither had yet been put on any payroll. "But," said Sally, "I'm
- happy."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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